1. In disciplinary proceedings, a quasi-judicial authority is bound to
strictly adhere to the statutory rules governing punishment. Any order
issued in violation of these rules or beyond their scope is without
jurisdiction, null and void, and cannot be enforced against the
delinquent employee.

2. Under the “merit-cum-seniority” principle, merit and ability are the
dominant factors in promotion, while seniority is given consideration
only when candidates are nearly equal in merit. The selection primarily
depends on competence and performance rather than length of service.

3. Marriage in contravention of S. 5 (i) of the Hindu Marriage Act, 1955
is void ab initio u/S 11. The necessary condition for a lawful marriage as
laid down u/S 5 (i) is that neither party should have a spouse living at the
time of marriage. Such marriage cannot be justified on the ground that the
same was recognized by custom or usage.

4. In absence of specific details of subject property under the sale agreement, the decree for specific performance cannot be passed.

5. The readiness and willingness to perform his part of contract should be continuous from the date of agreement till the date of filing of suit.

6. In a case based on circumstantial evidence, proof of motive, though not a sine qua non where other incriminating circumstances are firmly established, assumes significant importance in lending assurance to the prosecution case. Motive becomes a vital link in the chain of circumstances when the prosecution relies upon indirect evidence.

7. Rule 9 (3) of Central Motor Vehicles Rules, 1989 – In absence of endorsement to drive dangerous or hazardous vehicle, a driver having transport licence is not authorized to drive vehicle carrying dangerous or hazardous goods.

8. No individual or group of individuals is permitted to take the law into their own hands under the guise of protest, demonstration, or expression of grievance. The rule of law mandates that disputes and grievances must be addressed strictly through lawful and constitutional means. Any act of intimidation, obstruction, or violence, particularly against public servants performing their statutory duties, strikes at the very root of the administration of justice. The discretionary relief of anticipatory bail is not meant to shield persons who, prima facie, appear to have participated in acts undermining public order and the sanctity of judicial institutions.

9. Preliminary assessment of Juvenile in conflict with law is mandatory
under Section 15of the Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of
Children) Act, 2015, as and when he produced before the Juvenile
Justice Board, to examine whether the child is to be tried as an
adult, or not.

10. Section 41 of the Indian Forest Act, 1927 empowers the State to regulate transit of forest produce “by land or water”. The expression cannot be expansively interpreted to include railway transportation, which falls exclusively within the Union List. Any such interpretation would render the provision constitutionally infirm.